Water softening is a process in which the ions of calcium, magnesium and sometimes iron are removed. It is these ions in hard water that make it difficult for products with other positively charged ions to dissolve in the water. By doing this, the water softening removes the offending minerals from the water. Water softening is the removal of calcium, magnesium, and certain other metal cations in hard water. The resulting soft water requires less soap for the same cleaning effort, as soap is not wasted bonding with calcium ions A water softener works by removing the magnesium and calcium present in your water supply through a process of ion exchange, turning it from hard water to softened water.